a)\(\left(-3\right)^{x+3}=-\frac{1}{27}\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+3}=\left(-\frac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+3}=\left(-\frac{3^0}{3^1}\right)^3\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+3}=\left(-3^{-1}\right)^3\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+3}=\left(-3\right)^{-3}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-6\)

b)\(\left(-6\right)^{2x+2}=\frac{1}{36}\)

\(\left(-6\right)^{2x+2}=\left(-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\)

\(\left(-6\right)^{2x+2}=\left(-\frac{6^0}{6^1}\right)^2\)

\(\left(-6\right)^{2x+2}=\left(-6^{-1}\right)^2\)

\(\left(-6\right)^{2x+2}=\left(-6\right)^{-2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x+2=-2\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=-4\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-2\)

c)\(\left(-3\right)^{x+5}=\frac{1}{81}\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+5}=\left(-\frac{1}{3}\right)^4\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+5}=\left(-\frac{3^0}{3^1}\right)^4\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+5}=\left(-3^{-1}\right)^4\)

\(\left(-3\right)^{x+5}=\left(-3\right)^{-4}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+5=-4\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-9\)

d)\(\left(\frac{1}{9}\right)^x=\left(\frac{1}{27}\right)^6\)

\(\left[\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\right]^x=\left[\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3\right]^6\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{2x}=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^{18}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=18\)

\(\Rightarrow x=9\)

e)\(\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)^x=\left(\frac{8}{27}\right)^6\)

\(\left[\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^2\right]^x=\left[\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^3\right]^6\)

\(\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{2x}=\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{18}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=18\)

\(\Rightarrow x=9\)

f)\(5^{x+4}-3\cdot5^{x+3}=2\cdot5^{11}\)

\(5^{x+3}\cdot5-3\cdot5^{x+3}=2\cdot5^{11}\)

\(5^{x+3}\left(5-3\right)=2\cdot5^{11}\)

\(5^{x+3}\cdot2=2\cdot5^{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow5^{x+3}=5^{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3=11\)

\(\Rightarrow x=8\)

r)\(4\cdot3^{x-1}+2\cdot3^{x+2}=4\cdot3^6+2\cdot3^9\)

\(4\cdot3^x:3+2\cdot3^x\cdot9=4.3^7:3+2\cdot3^7\cdot9\)

\(3^x\left(4:3+2\cdot9\right)=3^7\left(4:3+2\cdot9\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=3^7\)

\(\Rightarrow x=7\)

a) Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+x\cdot3+3^2\right)\)

\(=x^3-3^3=x^3-27\)

b) Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x\cdot2+2^2\right)\)

\(=x^3-2^3=x^3-8\)

c) Ta có: \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-4x+16\right)\)

\(=\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2-x\cdot4+4^2\right)\)

\(=x^3+4^3=x^3+64\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(x-3y\right)\left(x^2+3xy+9y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left[x^2+x\cdot3y+\left(3y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=x^3-\left(3y\right)^3=x^3-27y^3\)

e) Ta có: \(\left(x^2-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^4+\frac{1}{3}x^2+\frac{1}{9}\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left[\left(x^2\right)^2+x^2\cdot\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(x^2\right)^3-\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

\(=x^6-\frac{1}{27}\)

f) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{3}x+2y\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}x^2-\frac{2}{3}xy+4y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{3}x+2y\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{3}x\right)^2-\frac{1}{3}x\cdot2y+\left(2y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{3}x\right)^3+\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=\frac{1}{27}x^3+8y^3\)

a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+2\right|=0\\\left|x+2\right|=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x+2=3\\x+2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|^2-3\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x+2\right|+1\right)\left(\left|x+2\right|-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=4\\x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

c/

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2-3\right|^2-6\left|x^2-3\right|+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-1\right)\left(\left|x^2-3\right|-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x^2-3\right|=1\\\left|x^2-3\right|=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3=1\\x^2-3=-1\\x^2-3=5\\x^2-3=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=4\\x^2=2\\x^2=8\\x^2=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left|x-2\right|^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\frac{2\left|x-4\right|}{x-1}=3\)

Đặt \(\frac{\left|x-2\right|}{x-1}=a\)

\(a^2+2a-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\\\left|x-2\right|=-3\left(x-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=x-1\left(x\ge1\right)\\\left|x-2\right|=3-3x\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x-1\left(vn\right)\\x-2=1-x\\x-2=3-3x\\x-2=3x-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=\frac{4}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

e/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=a>0\)

\(a-\frac{2}{a}=1\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\left(l\right)\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|\frac{2x-1}{x+2}\right|=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=2\left(x+2\right)\\2x-1=-2\left(x+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

f/ ĐKXĐ: ...

Đặt \(\left|x-\frac{1}{x}\right|=a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2=x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}-2\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=a^2+2\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(a^2+2-10=2a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a-8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{1}{x}\right|=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{1}{x}=4\\x-\frac{1}{x}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-1=0\\x^2+4x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{3}+2x\right)\left(4x^2-\frac{2}{3}x+\frac{1}{9}\right)-\left(8x^3-\frac{1}{27}\right)\)

\(=\left(2x\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3-8x^3+\frac{1}{27}\)

\(=8x^3+\frac{1}{27}-8x^3+\frac{1}{27}\)

\(=\frac{2}{27}\)

Vậy: Giá trị của biểu thức \(\left(\frac{1}{3}+2x\right)\left(4x^2-\frac{2}{3}x+\frac{1}{9}\right)-\left(8x^3-\frac{1}{27}\right)\) không phụ thuộc vào biến

b) Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(1-x\right)x\)

\(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-\left(x^3-1\right)-3x\left(1-x\right)\)

\(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+1-3x+3x^2\)

\(=0\)

Vậy: Giá trị của biểu thức \(\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(1-x\right)x\) không phụ thuộc vào biến

c) Ta có: \(y\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-y\left(x^4-y^4\right)\)

\(=y\left(x^4-y^4\right)-y\left(x^4-y^4\right)\)

\(=yx^4-y^5-yx^4+y^5\)

\(=0\)

Vậy: Giá trị của biểu thức \(y\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-y\left(x^4-y^4\right)\) không phụ thuộc vào biến

hic, mk chx học